Pickled Shrimp - The Carolina Housewife

Last year when I went to South Carolina for a week, I came home with several cookbooks.  This is not a surprise as I prefer them as my souvenirs when I travel.  I wrote about one of them shortly after I returned:  see this post on Cheese Pudding.

Another book I found was The Carolina Housewife by Sarah Rutledge.  (ISBN 978-0-87249-383-4)

It was originally published in 1847 (mine is a facsimile).  Ms. Rutledge was a descendent of a signer of the Declaration of Independence and related to another.  She was born and died in Charleston and was educated in England.  The introduction, written in 1979 by a cousin, Anna Wells Rutledge, holds stories of what Charleston was like during Sarah Rutledge's time as well as tidbits of its history over the decades.  I certainly got a feel for what life was like there!

I particularly enjoyed Anna's "translation" of the culinary terms used in the book:  gill as one-half cup, hyson tea as green tea from China, shaddock as grapefruit (although she mentions our modern day grapefruit has been developed beyond what Sarah knew), and "brown it with a salamander" meant to broil under a heated metal plate.  (page xxvi).

Today's recipe is on page 216.

To Pickle Shrimps

Pick your shrimps, and rinse them well in salt and water; take two parts of strong vinegar, and one of water, add a few allspice, and boil this pickle; pour it hot over the shrimps.  If the shrimps are to be sent to a distance, the pickle should be boiled again; adding a little more vinegar, and pouring on the shrimps hot, again.  They must be entirely covered by the pickle; a paper wet with brandy, should be placed over the top.  They will thus keep sound a long time.

My Redaction

2 pounds medium shrimp

1 1/2 cup apple cider vinegar

3/4 cup water

6 whole allspice berries

My shrimp were raw and frozen, so I defrosted them, put them in 2 quarts of boiling salted water (1/2 tsp salt), brought it back to a boil, then simmered them for 2 minutes.  The picture above shows them after I drained them and rinsed them with cool water until they stopped steaming.

To "pick" my shrimps, I simply peeled them, removing the tail and any remaining little bits of the vein I found after the shell had come off.

I filled a clean one quart canning jar with water and put it in the microwave on high for five minutes.  (Put a plate under it to catch any water that might boil over.) While that was going on, I put the vinegar, water, and allspice berries in a pan and brought them to a boil.

Then I dumped the water from the jar and filled it with the shrimp.  The two pounds fit in there pretty well; just a few were kept out only because I didn't want to stuff them in.  

I poured the boiling "pickle" over the shrimp until it covered them by at least 1/2 inch.  That used up almost all of the liquid.

Then I put the lid on the jar and let it cool on the counter.

My Notes

I wasn't sure if my vinegar would have qualified as "strong" but I went ahead and mixed it with the water.  

I hoped that 6 allspice berries were enough to give some flavor.  

I was surprised that all the shrimp fit in the one jar.  (Honestly, I had hoped they all didn't so I could try other recipes with them.  That will be for another day.)

The hot vinegar sealed the lid (it popped, as a good canning jar lid should), so I skipped using the paper soaked in brandy idea.

The Verdict

I looked around on the internet for other shrimp pickling recipes.  They tend to contain many more flavors than simply vinegar and allspice but those recipes were for making a complete appetizer that was ready to go on the table out of the jar.  They looked good!  One of them noted that the longer you keep the shrimp in the flavored liquor, the more "pickley" they tasted.  

The jar sat on the counter for four days.  This was tough for me to do because I really, really dislike food poisoning, and I worried the whole time that I was making something that would make me sick.  But I stuck it out.

When the day came to try it, the jar looked just as it did in the picture above, with a little bit of sediment at the bottom.  The liquid had a mild scent and the shrimp was firm, not slimy or bad smelling.  My guest taster and I were both willing to do a taste test.

It tasted of shrimp.  The flavor was lightly vinegary, not enough to overwhelm the delicate shrimp flavor, so I guess the 2 to 1 ratio of vinegar to water was just right.   I couldn't taste the allspice but I couldn't say it didn't have influence.  Probably very minimally.  Perhaps cracking the spices or using more would have been better, but I don't know how much allspice I really wanted to taste.

The goal was to make shrimp last a long time, not make it an intriguing flavor.  I think the recipe accomplished that goal.  We tried it straight out of the jar and then later on top of a tossed green salad.  It was fine!

I can see why this would be a good baseline recipe for making the shrimp more exciting.  The online recipes (mostly from the USA's deep south) include capers, onions, red pepper flakes, apple cider vinegar, Tabasco sauce, lemon slices, and/or various herbs and spices.  

This was an easy recipe to prepare.  The most "challenging" part was peeling all the shrimp, which turned out to be a nice contemplative time at the dining room table.  Everything else was quick and simple.

Even though Ms. Rutledge assures us the shrimp will keep for a long time, after the jar was opened, I kept it in the refrigerator.  

Success!  I'd do it again, especially as an appetizer if I added more flavors.

Mrs. Fisher's Cheese Pudding

Abby Fisher was born a slave in South Carolina circa 1832.  After she was freed she moved to northern California where she distinguished herself by her cooking skills: 

she had clearly long been steeped in the best traditions of Southern cookery and was a fine practitioner, so recognized in her day.  ... she was awarded medals and diplomas at various fairs in California ... 

So impressive were her skills that a "committee of residents in San Francisco and Oakland <were> responsible for recording her knowledge of the art from dictation."  You see, neither Mrs. Fisher nor her husband were literate.

These quotes, from page 75 of the book What Mrs. Fisher knows about Old Southern Cooking, brings to our attention that her book appears to be the first cookbook written by an African-American that was published in the United States.  It was published in 1881.

ISBN 978-1-55709-403-2

I had the good fortune to recently visit Charleston, SC, where I found this reprint of Mrs. Fisher's book in a gift store.  It didn't take much perusing to decide that this book needed to come home with me.  It contains 160 recipes that address breads, meats, croquettes, cakes and other desserts, pickles, sauces, salads, sherbets, soups, and miscellaneous.

I saw several intriguing recipes I would like to try.  But the first was Cheese Pudding, recipe #159, partly because the ingredients caught my interest and also because we are directed to send it to the table "as a vegetable."  That made me laugh, because my first reading made me think it was a dessert!  However, I think she meant it to be a side dish to cooked meat, which is how I decided to serve it.

Cheese Pudding (159)

Have mild cheese; grate half pound of cheese and half pound of apples, add to this half pint of sweet milk, beat four eggs very light, and add to above.  Before mixing apples with cheese, put to it one tablespoon white sugar; stir all well.  Season with nutmeg, and pour it into a dish and put to bake, putting one tablespoon of butter over it in small pieces.  Twenty minutes will bake it, and send to table as a vegetable.

My Redaction

1/2 pound mild cheddar cheese (I used a mixture of mild and sharp cheddar), shredded
1/2 pound apple, cored and then shredded
1 cup milk
4 eggs
1 tablespoon sugar
ground nutmeg, to taste 
1 tablespoon butter

This is enough for two batches, except for the butter

Preheat oven to 325 degrees Fahrenheit.  Grease a baking dish that has at least four cups capacity.

Put apples and cheese together; mix well.  Add the nutmeg and mix well.

Shredded apples!

Apples and cheese

In a separate bowl, beat the eggs until they lighten in color.  Add the milk and beat again.  Pour this liquid over the apple/cheese mixture and shake the baking dish a little to push out the air bubbles.

Dot the top with the butter and place in the oven.

This is the deeper baking dish

This is the shallower dish

Bake until the center is firm and the surface is lightly browned.  This took much longer than 20 minutes.  See notes.

My Notes

I was preparing to feed seven people with this, so I doubled the recipe.  I baked it in two separate containers, one that was wider than the other which affected the cooking time. 

It was easy to prepare; I was visiting with my company while fixing it and didn't worry that I would make mistakes.

The wider pan cooked for 30 minutes and was almost ready, although still too soft in the middle.  I think it should have cooked at least another 10 to 20 minutes. 

The deeper pan was cooked for a total of 50 minutes and was just right -- lightly browned on the top, puffy, and firm in the middle.

The Verdict

I didn't manage to get a picture of the deeper pan, despite it being cooked just right.  But here is the shallower one:

Close but not quite right yet

We scooped it out using a ladle and that worked well considering how soft it was.  The sides of the pudding were firmer, much closer to what I expected.

This was from the firmer side region of the baking dish

Letting it cool a little before serving helped with the firming up process.  But cooking it further would have been better.

I served it as a side dish to a lovely smoked beef brisket and a tossed green salad.

Three of us had the softer version and four had the firmer version.

First, everyone thought it was delicious!  Basically it was a cheese custard with the sweet flavor but more importantly the slightly crunchy texture of the shredded apples. 

The criticism I would make (and some of the others agreed) was that it was too oily -- perhaps the cheddar cheese was oily enough that I didn't need to put on the butter or that the butter wasn't necessary at all.  If I did this again, I would consider a different cheese that wasn't as oily.  It is hard to tell what would be good considering the cheese has to be firm enough to shred. 

I felt that apples went with cheddar, so that is why I picked it.  I think a good Swiss-style cheese would be good, too.

The apples kept the pudding from being too uniformly a fine-textured custard and the sweet cut through the oily enough to keep it from being heavy.  It was rich so a small serving was appropriate but it was tasty so many of us had second helpings. 

It was definitely not a dessert but I think you could serve it as such, especially if you put some chopped, toasted pecans on the top.  Apples and cheese and nuts all in one dish would certainly make a tasty dessert accompanying a good wine!

If twenty minutes cooked it to firm, then I think Mrs. Fisher used a hotter oven than I did.  350 degrees, maybe?  I'm not sure but it would be interesting to try it at that temperature another time.

So I call it a success.  I enjoyed my small taste of an old Southern recipe. 

Thank you, Abby Fisher, for sharing your well-honed cooking skills with us!